Monday, September 30, 2019

Marketing concept and role as marketer for ipt

Marketing is broad based activities involve the strategies surrounding the planning, designing, pricing, promotion, distribution of   goods to satisfy and meet the needs of customers. The centre focus of marketing activities is built around the customers. Thus, the marketing 4Ps (product, pricing, promotion, and place) are strategically enforced to bringing satisfaction to customers and at the same time make the organization or business maximize profits. Thus, the different marketing strategies; pricing strategy, distributive  strategy, promotional strategy, sales strategy, product creation and branding strategy, inter-alia, these are synchronize in meeting the marketing  objectives of the organization. Playing the role of marketer for IPT product, strategic marketing plays a significant aspect in the execution of my marketing functions. â€Å"Strategy is concerned with effectiveness rather than efficiency and is the process of analyzing the environment and designing the fit between the organization, its resources and objectives and the environment† (Proctor, 2000). The roles thus include engaging the aforementioned marketing strategies to creating maximum satisfaction to customers, at the same time maximizing profit for the organization. Firstly, a product should be design to meet and satisfy the need of customers. Here, adequate research need to be conducted to ensure that the product is adequate to satisfy customers want, also making sure the quality surpasses that of competitive products in line to the IPT product. The next step is to ensure, that the right price is set for the product in such a way that it would not be under priced, where the organization cannot break-even, or over priced where customers would prefer rival’s product to our company product. Market skimming enables the marketer to know the price of competitors’ products and the right price to set for its own product. This is done after the marketer has weighed its costs of production in line with the price it decide to set for the product. Another significant role the marketer plays promotional strategy. In this case, the creation of awareness of the product to the public will burst the sales volume to be derived. Thus, adequate promotional strategy is significant role the marketer plays to increase sales volume for the product. The promotional strategy may involve trade exhibition, personal selling, and customers’ orientation on how to utilize the product among others. The marketer has different media for product promotion. This can be done through engaging mass media such as the print media, television, radio broadcasts, or the internet. Constant communication and feedback to customers keep them informed and know more about the organization’s product and innovative trend introduced by the organization. The strategy for distribution of product (place) is done to ensure that the product is available to customers when, and where the need it at the right time. The marketer also seeks out ways to satisfy the different category of customers and their needs. Marketing segmentation is a tool that is utilized in influencing the development of an organization’s product base. Market segmentation has the goal to seek out consumers who have similar desires and behavior, and thus forming heterogeneous segments to satisfy the different customers’ needs. Thus, customers’ response to price is a significant factor that results in the implementation of market segmentation by an organization. This also affects the marketing mix (product, price, distribution, and promotion) of the organization. The marketer faces the challenge of how to make product of IPT be a product leader in the industry it operates. It is then a big task on how to always strategy in such a way to make the organization be a step ahead of its competitors through curving a niche for the organization.   Rivals from time to time bring out strategy to counter those of other organization. Thus, it is then a task of the marketer to know how to strategize in such a way that the strategies of other competitors do not affect the smooth operations of the organization. Reference Proctor, Tony (2000), Strategic Marketing: An Introduction London: Routledge   

Sunday, September 29, 2019

Robey V. Hinners

Bo-Yuan Chen Bus 201 Brief- Robey v. Hinners Facts:Brad Robey, d/b/a as Roeby’s Pawn World, sold a used 2002 Cadillac Escalade to Hinner, a resident of Kentucky, and stated that the vehicle was â€Å"clean, better and average† and that â€Å" 1 month/1,000 mile Service Agreement†. After bought the Vehicle and found that it was not as advertised, Hinners filed a civil complaint against Robey in the Kenton Circuit Court. Robey filed an answer and also motion to dismiss on the ground of lack of personal jurisdiction. The trial court denied the motion, rated Hinner’s motivation and entered a default judgment.Robey’ appeal herein followed. Issue: Whether the issue of personal jurisdiction may be raised by Robey in this appeal even though a default judgment was entered. Decision: Reverse the judgment of the Kenton Circuit Court and remand for the entry of an order dismissing Hinners's complaint. Reasoning: Hinners: Hinners argued that three of the nine pr ovisions of KRS 454. 210 authorized the extension of long-arm jurisdiction over Robey. Robey, situated in Missouri, advertised the vehicle for sale on eBay Hinners, in Kentucky, submitted the winning bidHinners traveled out-of-state to take possession of the vehicle Robey executed vehicle transfer documents to enable Hinners to obtain a Kentucky registration and title for the vehicle Robey, in his eBay listing and in oral statements to Hinners, misrepresented the condition of the vehicle The vehicle came to Kentucky covered by Robey's warranty, the one month/1000 mile â€Å"service agreement. † Robey: In Burger King Corp. v. Rudzewicz case, the U. S. supreme held that formation of a contraction with a nonresident was not, standing along, sufficient to create jurisdiction.Placing the vehicle for auction on eBay did not alone create personal jurisdiction over Robey in Kentucky. Accepting the Application for Kentucky Certificate of Title/Registration did not create personal juri sdiction. The fact that Hinners took the vehicle to Kentucky and determined there that it was not as advertised did not create personal jurisdiction There was no evidence that Robey used eBay through which to sell automobiles on any occasion other than this one. The language in the eBay listing referring to a â€Å"1 month/1,000 mile Service Agreement† also did not create jurisdiction.

Saturday, September 28, 2019

Analyze a Catholic Mass Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Analyze a Catholic Mass - Essay Example The priest used incense to reverence the alter before each one of the ministers proceeded to their seats but remained standing. The priest greeted the congregation â€Å"in the name of the father and of the Son, and of the Holy Spirit† to which people responded by chanting the same words and making the sign of the cross, followed by â€Å"Amen†. The priest proceeded to speaks the words of the grace to which the congregation responded. Part of the mass involved the blessing and sprinkling of water. The priest made a brief prayer thanking God for the gift of water and asking Him to bless the water in the name of â€Å"Christ our Lord† to which the congregation responded with an â€Å"Amen†. The priest proceeded to sprinkle the blessed water on the congregation using what looked like a flywhisk. As he did this, the congregation engaged in singing a song. The conclusion of this rite was marked by a brief chant or prayer from the priest asking God to cleanse our since and worthy to partake of heavenly riches. Part of the mass involved reciting of the acclamations â€Å"Lord have mercy† and the singing of the song â€Å"Glory to God in the highest†. After singing and chanting the songs, someone went to read the bible for the first reading and a minister read the second reading. Between the readings, the congregation engaged in singing a psalm. The priest then proceeded to elaborate on the sc riptures that had been read followed by the proclamation of faith which involved the chanting of the apostle’s creed. The priest presided over the Eucharist which involved the breaking of break, Holy Communion, prayer, meditation and singing. The mass ended with the priest proclaiming a blessing upon the faithful. The Catholic mass involves a lot of rights and rituals which fall within the seven dimensions of religion that were postulated by Ninian Smart. Smart noted that the dimensions of religion include

Friday, September 27, 2019

Cover and Thank You letter Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Cover and Thank You letter - Essay Example In this case, I am able to think out through problems clearly and in a systematic manner while maintaining flexibility in challenging situations which will enable me bring energy and commitment to excellence that is indispensable to succeed in Marathon Oil Corporation’s innovative environment. Despite my lack of hands-on experience in a work environment, I have developed technical skills and the ability to present details to a large environment required in the business environment. In order to attain the objective of working in a challenging and interesting environment, I am requesting for consideration in the aforementioned position in your company. I became interested in an intern’s position at Marathon Oil after researching different companies that could offer me a challenge. As a leader in the industry, there is no any other place that can help me meet my objectives other than your company. I know this position will enable me identify my strengths and address any weaknesses in order to equip me with expertise for the job market. Thank you for the opportunity to interview with you on Wednesday, June 6, 2012 at your company headquarters. The position of intern in your information technology department is an outstanding opportunity I feel exceptionally qualified. I am beholden by the information and time you shared with me during the interview. Indeed, the time spent with you makes me yearn for this position more than when I was applying for the position. As we discussed, my financial and information technology background will give me a foothold to meet my objectives and those of the company while working with my workmates. Not only am I able to discuss the requirements in your workplace, but I also do understand the expectations of this position in the competitive global business

Thursday, September 26, 2019

Leadership Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Leadership - Article Example This is to fuel further his political agenda. From diverse experience across many organizations, leadership can also be natured. Through Natalie Gochnour, we are able to witness growth in leadership. Maura Carabello on his part builds his career at Time Inc. This gives him the skills, which he later uses to successfully co-found a communications Inc. The communications firm has grown progressively by 30% each year.( www.deseretnews.com/article) David Jordan successfully leads a practice of law earning him a lot of respect. He also practices civic leadership through engagement in leadership of a variety of organizations and activities. This is vital for an all round leader. Clark Ivory is a more technical leader who shows prowess in data driven decisions. Through his analytical decision-making, he leads Ivory incorporation into massive growth. This leads to growth in jobs for the populace. As a leader Rich McKeown shows us how career can be shifted as he begins as a teacher and finally becomes an attorney. He later becomes a chief of staff in one of the state departments and ultimately leads a multi-million dollar consultancy. Kirk Jowers on his part is a highly educated leader from Harvard. He leads the Federal relation for the US. He fuels its expansion worldwide through significant growth. Lastly, Jim Kearl is one of the most sought out professors. To worsen the situation, he is also heavily relied upon by many organizat ions. His expertise also makes him be sought after by many governments for consultancy. (www.deseretnews.com/article) On the contrary, non-leaders are Gladys Prutt; she does not endow trust and belief on her subjects. This lead to the deterioration of Prag’s Social trust. This she was given the role of leading. Scollin Dengony could not initiate good communication procedures. Communication is vital for coordination roles. The Inc’s functions could not

Wednesday, September 25, 2019

Health Care Provider and Faith Diversity Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 2

Health Care Provider and Faith Diversity - Essay Example This paper therefore will discuss three different religions, which include Sikh, Buddhism, and Baha’i in relation to health care provision diversity. In addition, the paper will provide different philosophies that these three religions and faiths use in order to provide services to their members. Besides, the paper will discuss and compare these three faiths with the Christianity as a religion (Berkowitz & Schewe, 2011). Sikh faith and religion Sikh faith is a monotheistic religion that was founded in the earl 15th century in a place called Punjab in Indian countries by Guru Nanak. Currently, there are about ten Gurus in the world. According to this faith, there are some beliefs that its members and followers must follow, one of them being compulsorily putting on and wearing of veil by all women who are members of this faith. In addition, this religion does not allow its followers to cut their hairs. Taking drugs such as alcohol and smoking are prohibited according to the fait h and norms of the Sikh religion. Although the Punjab may take bhang for medication reasons, the followers of the religion are not allowed to take any intoxicant substances. Again, the religion does not allow its members to have too much materials wealth, while its members are usually expected to live like soldiers in that, they are not allowed to beg for anything from others. Besides, this religion does not allow sacrifices of animals during rituals. Given that rituals and superstitions are not allowed, Sikhs are banned from eating of meat that was slaughtered in a ritual-like manner. One of the rituals that are prohibited is the act of circumcision (Samanta, 2013). Furthermore, this religion forbids some of the various ill talks about others such as bragging, lying and even gossiping. Moreover, the religion prevents its members from involving in extramarital sexual activities unless under proper marriage procedures. The religion also requires its members to be honest and be genero us through acts such as sharing of properties. This religion is very practical and very creative. It believes that God is the creator of everything; hence, He is all-powerful and is omnipresent. The followers of this religion believe the understanding of god is beyond human knowledge. Therefore, from this religion, it is clear that they value helping others and sharing of materials with the less privileged as one of the most important teachings of the religion. In addition, since the religion believes that all human beings are equal before God despite one’s color, tribe, sex, or religion, it is clear that health providers who deal with members of this religion will not encounter many problems as long as they respect the importance of diversity in their profession. On the other hand, according to Sikh religion, the members are required only to pray for God’s help during cases of sickness, as well as for forgiveness. Playing audiotapes of their songs may be required, esp ecially to console the sick. Again, they also believe that sickness may be due to the will of God, and therefore, one must go and seek for health care to become better and to get treatment for the sickness. In providing health care services to members of Sikh religion, health care workers need to observe some of the following considerations. To begin with, the healthcare providers need to give

Tuesday, September 24, 2019

House prices in the UK Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

House prices in the UK - Essay Example In today’s world, it is everyone’s wish to own a house; indeed, this is not an impossible mission when funds are available. Citizens are normally differentiated by the amount of money they hold, their salary, and investments or savings they make. That is why real estate owners construct houses of different quality and different sizes, with an aim to cater for every citizen of a country. With the constructors work done, it is up to the owners to decide on house prices, depending on the quality, location, and prestige among other factors. Most people opt for cheaper houses or flats and give up their dream of a mansions or bungalows, depending on their income and financial capability. In most cases, a rise in inflation usually leads to an increase in the mortgages rates and high interest rates associated with the mortgage. In the United Kingdom, high prices of houses may render some citizens to failure of affording to purchase a house. In addition, high house prices have c aused shortage of workers in London and the South East, as most people are unable to afford such high prices. Therefore, the high level of unemployment is another factor that has led to low demand for house purchase (Newnes, 2011).According to Williams and Pannell (2006 pp 352), â€Å"housing is not an ordinary commodity and does not behave in an ordinary way since it is a long–term asset, requires heavy machinery, it is geographically fixed, and involves legal procedures.† The authors further argue that, it is not obvious that houses built are always affordable. According to Braham (2002 pp 328), a wide division of house classes in the UK has occurred due to changes in the building of houses in relation to design, location and the size.. This leads to only a few numbers of people being able to buy private homes. He also states, â€Å"The in-equality in housing has led to in-equality in house gain.† Theorists however argue that, when housing has a similarity wit h factors like health and education such that they shape one’s life, housing stands out in determining the level of consumption since the owner occupation has to consider wealth, to occupy a certain house. When inflation is high, energy and transport prices increase, leading to a rise in bank rates and definitely on mortgages interest rates. According to right move website (N.d) in the United Kingdom, houses vary in prices between different regions due to the different class of people living there, and the types of houses that are available. For instance, the following property in MK6 region, differ from those of MK7 region. a flat cost ? 95,689 has had only forty five purchases, while a semi- detached costs 135,446 had sixty one purchases , Detached houses costs ?262, 759 and had only fifty two purchases and Terraced that costs ?122,765 had a pleasant number of buyers who were one hundred and thirty six. Below are two tables that illustrate how some house prices vary in diff erent regions. Table: MK6 region property House type flats Semi- detached Detached Terraced Number of sales 45 61 52 136 Price paid ?95,689 ?135,446 ?262,759 ?122,765 For MK7 region, a flat costs ?119,598 and the purchases made are 49, while a semi- detached property goes for ?115,900 and has approximately 86 purchases. A detached property costs ?290, 618 and has a total purchase of 124 and finally, a terraced property costs ?126,351, with only 83 purchases. If we compare these same properties but from different regions, we can agree that house, prices differ in different regions of the United Kingdom. Table 2: MK 7 region House type flats Semi- detached Detached Terraced house Number of sales 49 86 124 83 Price paid ?119,598 ? 115,900 ? 290, 618 ?126,351 Source:

Monday, September 23, 2019

Individual assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Individual assignment - Essay Example that company operations do not violate any of the standards set by law. Both internal and external audit must be done periodically to ensure that company operations are within the limits of standards set by law (Pricewaterhouse Coopers 2001 p 24). Torts are also known as civil wrongs and entitle a victim to recover damages. There are three kinds of Torts: intentional torts; negligence and; strict tort liability. Intentional torts are injuries that a party sustained as a result of another person’s intentional acts. Examples of intentional torts are: defamation, which are untrue statements made by a person to inflict damage against another; contract interference, or interfering on the freedom of parties to enter into contract; false imprisonment, is the detention of an unwilling party; intentional infliction of emotional distress, and; invasion of privacy, which can be committed either by interfering with another’s privacy business, disclosing to the public the private matters of another, and; stealing the identity of another for profit (Jennings 2005 pp 367-380). The tort of negligence, on the other hand, presupposes a situation when a party comes to harm because the other party acted in wanton disregard of other’s safety and health. To prove negligence, its five elements must concur and be proven: the duty to act with care; the breach of the duty through careless actions; causation, or that the breach of the party of the duty of care is the result of the injuries sustained; the negligence of the party must be the direct or proximate cause of the injury, and; the victim must show that he or she must have sustained damages because of the negligent act of the other party (Jennings 2005 pp 383-394). Finally, strict tort liability is a type of tort that is so called because the law imposes absolute liability on the erring party and providing him with

Sunday, September 22, 2019

Art History (Michelangelo) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Art History (Michelangelo) - Essay Example The placing of David outside of the Florentine government created a symbol for freedom and protection for the residents of the city. Instead of portraying King David from the Scriptures after defeating Goliath, Michelangelo decided to show David before the great battle with Goliath. The slingshot hanging casually over his back show David’s fearlessness fulfilling Catholicism theory that David had God on his side. The muscle toned young man Michelangelo depicted was another portrayal of the heroic nude. The heroic nude of David could be considered as the strength of God through a human in this instance. Although a famous sculpture, David does have a flaw. The most noticeable flaw is the fact that David is uncircumcised. Michelangelo learned to draw nudes from the morgue of Florence, but probably never seen an unclothed Jewish man. Even if he did see an circumcised male, the questions of placing a circumcised male in view of the public would have been too controversial. David fulfilled a prideful purpose for the city of Florence. A strong looking Italian David stood guard over the government. The calmness in the statue’s face shows no fear in the face of an enemy. David reassured the Florentines no matter the other

Saturday, September 21, 2019

Why Chinese Mothers Are Superior Essay Example for Free

Why Chinese Mothers Are Superior Essay â€Å"Why Chinese Mothers Are Superior†, is an article written by the 48-year-old lawyer and mother Amy Chua. The article is published in The Wall Street Journal on January 8th in 2011. In the article Amy Chua focuses on how the western parents up bring their children versus how the Chinese parents up bring their children. The receivers of the article are the western parents because she wants them to lean from the Chinese parents. Though the whole article Amy is subjective but because of her education she also seems reliable. By using the appeal form logos she refers to studies that compares the Chinese children and the western children ´s academic skills, where the result is that it ´s the Chinese children who are the wisest. The Chinese parents spend ten times more on academic activities with their children than the western parents. A fact which Amy does not mention in the article is that the Chinese children aren ´t free to spend much time with their friends and that can affect them negatively. Through the whole article Amy argues for that the way Chinese parents up bring their children is better than the western parents – therefor the title which also arouses much attention because the article was published in a newspaper which is only published in Western countries. The main statement is that the Chinese parents demand a lot more of their children when it comes to logical skills. For example Amy Chua says â€Å"Chinese parents demand perfect grades because they believe that their child can get them.[1]† followed by another statement â€Å"By contrast, I don’t think most Westerners have the same view of children being permanently indented to their parents.[2]† Indirectly Amy Chua says that the western parents are over-fond. Amy means that the western parents do not believe in thei r children. She emphasizes that the western parents should use more punishment and in general there should be more discipline. According the Chinese parents is the second best just not good enough. For example Amy Chua says â€Å"If a Chinese child gets a B – which would never happen[3]†¦Ã¢â‚¬  which shows that only straight as is good enough and everything under A would be a disaster. The Chinese parent’s reaction is a complete contrast to how the western people would react. The western parents would support their children even though they get very low grades. Seen from Amy Chua ´s perspective are the western children lazy and not good enough. It ´s like Amy thinks that she and the rest of the Chinese parents have found the perfect formula to up bring children. A very important value for the western parents is that their children also must spend time with their friends and have fun. Amy points out that nothing is fun until you ´re good at it. But if the child does not like to play the certain instrument and wants to join a football team or something likely that would neither be okay because it is the parents who decide what fun is for the child. If Amy Chua ´s children had been asked – Amy already had made the decision for them. The Chinese children does not have the same kind of freedom as any other child because their tiger mothers already have set straight lines for their life. The children are not allowed to take care of their own lives. The social qualities are being sat lowest on the list of values. The social qualities should in a modern society be more important than being good at playing the piano. In many ways it can seem right that logical skills are important now and in the future but if Amy and the rest of the Chinese parents do not accept their children ´s individuality something is completely wrong. It ´s kind of like that the Chinese children only keep improve their skills because they wants to make their parents happy which put a stop to their own happiness and goals in life. Amy Chua tries to understand the western way of upbringing but through the whole article she is pro the so-called â€Å"tiger mother technique†. Amy wants the western parents to learn something from the Chinese parents because then we could have a lot more genius people based on the result in Asia. Amy is so focused on good results and success that she forgets the social values and happiness – she overlooks her own mistakes. Her children have might never been to a birthday party after school or in the cinema with their friends – they have not experienced the social spirit which lead to loss of social values like friendship, love and free choices. There are a lot of ways and hundreds of different methods to up bring children and none of them are better than other because it ´s a very individual thing from family to family. Some people would perhaps find Amy Chua ´s formula interesting and some would say that it is a disaster. Medias, friends, family, magazines or whatever influences on how a certain mother and father decides to up bring their child/children and there will always be mistakes – for example: the western children are too lazy and Chinese children have lack of social skills – but that does not make one of them better than the other one.

Friday, September 20, 2019

Impacts Of Tourism In Cyprus

Impacts Of Tourism In Cyprus List and describe the potential positive and negative socio-cultural impacts of tourism in an area of your choice. Tourism is a product that is produced and consumed at the same time. Tourism affects the economy and lives of communities and has proven to be a lifesaver for many destinations. Impacts occur when tourism changes the value systems/ behavior, threatening native identity and that changes occur in community structure, family relationships, ceremonies, collective traditional styles and morality. Tourism can also cause positive impacts as it can serve as a helpful force for peace, help avoid urban relocation by creating local jobs and foster pride in cultural traditions. The type of tourist will have a differing effect on the host community. The mass tourist is less likely to adapt to the local cultures and will seek amenities and standards found in his home community. On the other hand the independent tourist will adapt more readily. The process of tourism development is very important because the speed and nature of development can be a major influence on the magnitude and direction of socio-cultural changes. The term socio-cultural impacts refer to changes to residents everyday experiences, as well as to their values, way of life, and intellectual and artistic products. NEGATIVE SOCIO-CULTURAL IMPACTS OF TOURISM Tourism can cause change / loss of local identity and values by: Commodification Standardisation Loss of authenticity / staged authenticity Adaptation to tourist demands POSITIVE SOCIO-CULTURAL IMPACTS OF TOURISM The promotion of cross-cultural understanding The incentive value of tourism in preserving local culture and heritage The promotion of social stability through positive economic outcomes The potential positive and negative socio-cultural impacts in Cyprus The positive and negative impacts of tourism on the Cyprus socio-cultural structure has been an issue for a long time. Social impacts can be considered as changes in the lives of people who live in destination communities, which are connected with tourist actions in regard to moral conduct, creative expressions. Cultural impacts can be the changes in the arts, traditional ceremonies, customs and rituals and architecture of people that result from tourism activity. Witt (1991) claims that, â€Å"the greater the difference between the host community and the tourists the greater will be the affect of tourism on society†. This presents a challenge to decision makers in regard to the type of tourism that a destination is trying to attract. Thus, for example, at the national level a specific development might be justified on the grounds that it is positive for the society as a whole even if on average it is not positive for the host community. All travelers seek tourism experience, yet very different goals and objectives are required through different roles and behaviors. This occurs because in Cyprus are many different types of tourists. Each type of tourist can be expected to behave differently while visiting a destination. Certain groups can be seen as more exploitive and less sensitive to social and cultural values. Explorers blend into the Cyprus life as local people do and stay longer but they have contact with fewer people than members of a charter tour that moves through Cyprus for shopping or sightseeing. In the case of Cyprus, the tourist policy of the Cyprus Tourism Organization aims to attract middle and high-income class tourists in order to minimize possible resentment between locals and tourists. According to statistics by ‘Eurostat, Cypriots enjoy a higher standard of living than other regions and the type of tourist that visits the island is not the typical high and middle class income tourist but mostly youngsters who tend to reach their limits once they are abroad. The effects of tourists behavior and activities on young people in the area are very noticeable. The increase in drug trafficking and crime are the two major effects of tourism on the local community. Young people tend to spend a lot of their free time away from their families and from community activities since they spend more time in the tourist areas going out clubbing or at bars. As a result, we have an increase in the number of school dropouts and in the number of people smoking at early stages of their age. Cyprus is considered to be one of the few destinations that have controlled tourism well, and it is now repaying the benefits. Cyprus is still an up market destination offering a friendly atmosphere and high quality service. Cyprus has always marketed itself as a prestige resort. Surveys show that many residents see the tourists as a breath of fresh air into the society, economy and life of the locals. The Cyprus Tourism Organization is aiming to keep its high quality and consequently its up market clientele by offering excellent facilities and different types of tourism activities such as Agro Tourism, Bird Watching and Cycling. To achieve this selective advertising and promotion are adopted in order to attract this type of customer. The development of the Tourist Industry led to an improvement in the standard of living for the local people in several areas as tourism expenditure increases the income and improve the standard of living and the quality of life for the locals. Tourism also contributes to the development of infrastructure with the building of airports, new roads, restaurants and hospitals, attraction to enable greatest number of citizens to benefit from the cultural, recreational and leisure activities of the tourism sector. Tourism has also aided in arising the interest for art festivals and crafts, for example weaving, embroidery, wood crafting, pottery etc that have been practiced in small villages for hundreds of years. The impact of tourism on the conservation of old buildings is also both positive and negative. Cyprus residents claim that tourists look for and appreciate local architecture and authentic traditional style, so a lot of buildings are being renovated or conserved as mainly tourist attractions, which would have been destroyed by eager owner. On the other hand, old buildings do not have enough capacity to provide accommodation for the growing number of tourists, so they are destroyed to give room to new and large guest houses with appropriate capacity and tourist facilities. The media have described Paralimni and Agia Napa as â€Å"a round-the clock neon-lit cosmopolitan mini-metropolis and topless sex capital of Cyprus†. The majority state that tourists have a negative effect on the Cypriot way of life and that tourism changes the traditional culture, also it decreases the lifestyle quality of Cypriots who live in tourist areas. The extreme concentration of tourists resulted in the modification of social attitudes among young people, particularly towards sexual behavior. The European way of living has altered the Cypriot society as younger generations are seeking different values than their families, and thus resulting in weaker family bonds. A number of researchers examined the link between the perception that tourism contributes to increase in crime and the support for its development. The crime is related to resident perceptions of tourism development. There is also an increase in prostitution and rise in criminal activity and possible anger b etween local and tourists. Rural population, long term residents, farmers, and younger segments perceive tourism as contributing to an increase in crime especially in the area of Agia Napa. Agia Napa is advertised as a place of great consumption of alcohol, sex, drugs and crime and a great damage caused by thousands of topless beach goers. Moreover the massive arrival of youngsters changed the image of the area from a fun relaxing atmosphere to more of a nightlife entertainment with many nightclubs and discos. As a result, there is an increase in drug trafficking and crime as well as the young generation in Cyprus has started to adopt different set of values on morality and style of dressing which is not acceptable by the older generations. Tourists have altered the Cypriot values and beliefs especially among the young generation and as mentioned before the dress code has changed and nudity is much more acceptable now. In spite of all negative and positive impacts of tourism on the socio-cultural structure of Cyprus it is not yet clear whether the benefits outweigh the costs. In general, the residents of Cyprus have a positive attitude toward tourism. Since the success of tourism depends very much on the human attitudes and behavior of the residents of a destination towards tourists, this seems to be an encouraging result for the future of tourism development. Residents recognize a range of potential positive and negative impacts of tourism however, current attitudes are generally quite positive and there is support for future modest increase in tourism. The tourism development strategy should aim to protect local culture, respect local traditions and promote local ownership and management of programs and projects so as to foster community stewardship of the natural resource base. As integrated processes take time, tourism umbrella organizations should start with voluntary self-restraint, until loc ally adapted objectives have been reached. REFERENCES Witt, S.F. (1991). Tourism in Cyprus, Balancing the benefits and costs. Travel Management. Elena Spanou (2007), The impact of Tourism in Cyprus. Internet: www.srcosmos.gr/srcosmos/showpub.aspx?aa=10216 Assessed on 25/02/10 21:00pm

Thursday, September 19, 2019

Toni Morrisons Sula - Sula and Nel as Soulmates Essay -- Sula Essays

Sula and Nel as Soulmates in Toni Morrison's Sula In examining the two distinct characters of Nel (Wright) Greene and Sula Peace from Toni Morrison's Sula, a unique individual soul emerges from the two women. This soul takes into account good, bad, and gray area qualities. They gray area qualities are needed because, while Nel exhibits more of the stereotypical "good" qualities than Sula, the stereotypes of good and bad don't fit the definition completely. Nel and Sula combined create a type of ying and yang soul, each half including some of the other half. While at times the two women are polar opposites of one another in point of view, they arrive at their opinions with the help of the other. The two characters need each other in order to exist to the extent that they become "two throats and one eye" (Morrison 2167). A physical example of how connected the two girls are is seen when they line up head to head forming a straight, continuous, and complete line (2124). The greatest influence on a growing girl is her mother, and in some cases, like Sula, her grandmother. In order to fully grasp the connection between Nel and Sula, one must examine who and what their mothers were and what traits and beliefs they handed down to their daughters. Nel's mother, Helene, sought to teach her daughter the ways to be a stereotypical "good woman," a supportive wife and a caring mother. As an example to her daughter, Helene took great pleasure in raising Nel and found in her "more comfort and purpose than she had ever hoped to find" in her life (2105). Helene took pride in motherhood and was proudest when someone complemented on how "obedient and polite" Nel was (2105). Helene's embracing of these qualities, an accommodation to the sta... ...;http://www.time.com/time/magazine/1998/ > (accessed on September 9, 2001) Morrison, Toni.   Sula.   New York: Penguin Books Ltd, 1973. "Toni Morrison."   Contemporary Authors, Gale Research, 1993; abstracted at <http://www.cwrl.utexas.edu/~mmaynard/morrison/biograph.htm>   (accessed on September 26, 2001) O'Neill, Cynthia.   Goddesses, Heroes and Shamans.   New York: Larousse Kingfisher Chambers Inc., 1994. Pessoni, Michele. â€Å"‘She was laughing at their God.’: Discovering the Goddess Within Sula.† African American Review 29 (1995): 439-451. Rigney, Barbara Hill. The Voices of Toni Morrison. Columbus: Ohio State University Press, 1991. Rubenstein, Roberta. â€Å"Pariahs and Community.† Toni Morrison: Critical Perspectives Past and Present. Ed. Henry Louis Gates, Jr. and K. A. Appiah. New York: Amistad Press, Inc., 1993. 126-1 58.   

Wednesday, September 18, 2019

I Versus We Theory is Hidden Everywhere :: Sociology Sociological Essays

I Versus We Theory is Hidden Everywhere Although each author gives him- or herself the goal to write a very unique piece of work, we the readers can see similarities amongst writings stretched over decades. Created characters, settings, and circumstances tend to change from one piece of work to the next, but themes, more often than not, all deal with the same everyday problems. These repeated themes are not by accident. Writers analyze what the public likes to read about. In fact, probably one of the most common themes is the I vs. We theory, which is simply the idea that people can change from being selfish into looking out for the whole group, such as a certain race, family, friends, or age group. Because the theme is so intense, it is usually found in novels, where there is plenty of room to express numerous examples to totally convince the readers that the main character has truly changed. By looking at J.D. Salinger’s The Catcher in the Rye and John Steinbeck’s The Grapes of Wrath, we can show how they, too, write about this transition, as does Sam Greenlee in The Spook Who Sat By the Door. Although these three novels were published over the span of three decades with varying cultural groups, they all illustrate the exact same issue. The Spook Who Sat by the Door by Sam Greenlee shows the I vs. We theory by establishing the problem of one man, Dan Freeman, who is only concerned with his well-being, but unfair treatment of others turns him into a military hero. At first, in chapter two, Freeman concentrates primarily on his acceptance into the CIA. This selfish attitude is still portrayed in chapter five when the Dahomey Queen, a nearby hooker, is used for pleasure purposes only. In this same chapter, Joy, Freeman’s girlfriend, shows up and asks him to quit the CIA. Although he loves her, he refuses to give up his dream to be the only black employee in the CIA. The transition to the "We" phenomenon occurs in chapter eight when Freeman chooses to leave the CIA and decides to work as a social worker. The pay, as well as his social climbing, takes a fall, but his hunger to help others does an about-face. A local gang keeps Freeman eager and energetic to fight for all blacks, not just for a few kids.

Tuesday, September 17, 2019

The Lyrics of My Grandmothers Life :: Music Personal Narrative Papers

The Lyrics of My Grandmother's Life At age seven she was a star on stage, singing the role of "Becky" in the Tom Sawyer operetta. When she was ten she dunked "Mouse's" head in the teapot as the "Mad Hatter" in Alice and Wonderland. She was hoping to be "Alice", but even back then the eighth graders got all the good parts. But the experience was satisfying anyway because "Mouse" was played by her grade school rival, the same girl who competed with her for the best position on the basketball team and who once made a better pot holder in Home Ec. Doris Horton Thurston, my seventy-five year old grandmother, has always had a song in her heart and on the edge of her tongue, waiting to flow over in a cascade of expression. She sees music as a connection to the world, a form that lets her reach outside of everyday life to different people, different cultures and different times. From generations before her and for generations to follow, from the memory of her mother's piano playing and her father's voice as a child to the orchestra concerts of her youngest grandchildren, she holds the connection to music close to her heart. Her childhood was one of family hikes and plum trees and dipping fish out of the Lewis River when the smelt run came through. It was filled with holiday candles on the Christmas tree, carved cribbage boards and two younger brothers. In high school she ran track and played clarinet in Mr. Griffith's band. She danced to We Three are All Alone and Carolina Moon on the gym floor of Woodland High School. Throughout it all she pursued her love of music: chorus, octet and solo performances, piano lessons and family singing around the piano. She worked alongside her Mother, Dad and brothers, Troy and Dane, in the neatly tended and carefully guarded rows of the family garden. She hummed the lilting notes of an Ave Maria aria or the harmony line to My Wild Irish Rose, which she somehow heard in her head when her father's rich baritone caressed the melody and her mothers fingers danced on the piano keys. She hoped the vegetables they were tending could be sold to earn a little extra for the next month of piano lessons. Despite the never-ending presence of the depression throughout the thirties, she was never hungry or cold.

Monday, September 16, 2019

The Decline of Moral Education from the 1950s to Today

Civilization of nations depends on moral character and attitudes of its people. It is acquired by education and training of its people. Education starts right from childhood and is an essential prerequisite for developing a good moral character. Education of a child plays a vital role in improving his/her behavior. It is a very important and vital step that education should be designed in a way that should help children develop a good character. But unfortunately, this is not the case. Our education system has declined to a level that our new generation is not aware of moral behavior and attitude. Educating a child does not solely rely on the shoulders of a school but it depends on different people according to their role. Education of a child is dependant on teachers, parents and administrators of educational process. The main participants are parents. Parents are the first place for child where he learns a lot from their own character and how they behave and teach a child. Parents are mainly responsible for bringing the child to maturity and develop their moral character. However, if state schools try to take over this responsibility and then train and educate them in a way to serve the governmental goals, though it might ruin their morals is a deteriorating condition in our education. States and school are not focusing on the moral behavior and attitudes. Our education system must be to make today’s children tomorrow’s leader. Leadership qualities determine those traits and characteristics of a person that will make him to lead people, an organization and/or a business. Leadership qualities may vary according to the situations, organizations and tasks. There are different leadership models and their qualities depend on the context of the environment they need to work in. One of the most important leadership qualities is that a leader is always determined, persuasive and work for their best. It is well understood by them that there is always a room for improvement. Excellence is what they want to achieve and whatever they do. They have a strong desire to do their best and perform outstandingly. The workforce they create is organized, unified, disciplined, cooperative and very productive. They keep setting new standards and carve new ways to improve and bring change. A very important aspect of leadership is that leader always makes others feel honored and valued. He never makes them feel bad for their mistakes, or criticizes them. Instead he is always an example for his employee and p lays a role model for them. Leader always work for others and willing to serve them. Doing this he never feels inferior or secondary. Serving others gains respect. Helping out others gain their respect and admiration. Employees make the workforce of an organization; failing to motivate them and help them could result in failure of an organization on the whole. A very important aspect of education is to be tolerant of other and removing discrimination among different ethical groups. Diversity refers to the grouping of different people from wide array of ethnic, cultural and socio-economic backgrounds. Diversity implies that being tolerant of racial groups from different backgrounds and to give them equal rights at workplace, education, tourism and entertainment. Diversity programs in business, education, and employment strive to provide equal opportunities for minority groups to let them participate in all aspects of life. Diversity implies respect and protection of equal rights for others equally as we are enjoying them. As being part of American society, a nation that has most diverse and different groups of people, it is important to look beyond the limits of differences among people. If we are well developed world we should come out of the notion of race, color and identity. Democracy can be implemented well in a nation by removing the barriers of conventional identities and discriminating each others. If admissions are not given on equal basis then how the constitution will give equal protection? Practical implementation of Affirmative Action would diminish traditional set back of minority groups who were not given privileges in the schools and profession earlier. But now there is a strong need to reduce this racial and gender discrimination. For advancement of our society and to keep the infrastructure of the nation strong it is the very important and fundamental point. In addition, affirmative action will let schools and profession to obtain more benefits from the talents of diverse groups of people belonging to different gender and race (Gurin, 2002). The reason for this is that suppose if a school is declining admission to a person who obtained very good scores in his/her test, solely on the basis that s/he is a black or among other minority group, who knows that the same person could later become an eminent personality. By contrary if it grants admission to a white person who deserved less marks may later become a poor professional. The most important reason for affirmative action is to give all rights to the people who deserve their positions in the medical schools. Further to end racial preferences among students of different schools. There must be different alternative methods develop to stop violence at school. Environment at school greatly influences student’s learning skills. References State Education and the Decline of Morality Paul A. Cleveland http://www.leaderu.com/offices/cleveland/docs/education.html Moral Development and Moral Education: An Overview. Studies in Moral Development and Education. http://tigger.uic.edu/~lnucci/MoralEd/overview.html Gurin, Patricia, Day, Eric L., Hurtado, Sylvia & Gurin, Gerald. â€Å"Diversity and Higher Education: Theory and Impact on Educational Outcomes,† Harvard Educational Review, 72 (Fall 2002), 330-337.   

Analysis of “Ave Maria”

Bethany Thompson Professor Breese English 266 3 February 2009 Analysis of â€Å"Ave Maria† Frank O’Hara’s poem, â€Å"Ave Maria,† encourages overprotective mothers to let their children experience life. The poem begins with the command, â€Å"Mothers of America / let your kids go to the movies! † He proposes a series of rationales for following this advice, including the conditional love of children who â€Å"won’t hate you† if they are permitted to do what they want.The true reason behind this directive, however, is made clear in lines 13 – 16: â€Å"they may even be grateful to you / for their first sexual experience / which only cost you a quarter / and didn’t upset the peaceful home. † The idea that a parent could provide a child’s first sexual experience may be shocking to parents, but O’Hara’s poem implies that by allowing them this experience, you have readied them for adulthood. Also, t he image of sexuality being priced like popcorn, â€Å"a quarter†, is amusing; it’s the pleasures of adulthood at quite a bargain.O’Hara initially contrasts the â€Å"peaceful home† – a room, a yard, â€Å"mothers,† and â€Å"little tykes† – with the movie theatre, â€Å"embossed by silvery images. † He then contrasts the parents’ overprotective instruction with that of a â€Å"pleasant stranger† who offers the equivalent: â€Å"they will know where candy bars come from and gratuitous bags of popcorn as gratuitous as leaving the movie before it’s over with a pleasant stranger whose apartment is in the Heaven on Earth Bldg near the Williamsburg Bridge†These children will learn about adulthood through gaining sexual knowledge. O’Hara paints a win / win situation. If â€Å"nobody picks them up in the movies/ they won’t know the difference / and if somebody does it’ll be shee r gravy. † He suggests that if they don’t get their first sexual experience, they will at least have seen a movie, instead of staying in their room â€Å"hating you. †   O’Hara concludes his poetic admonition with a warning. He cautions mothers not to blame him if they don’t take his advice and their families fall apart.The connection between keeping kids home from the movies and families falling apart may seem far-fetched, but the movies are symbolizing all the things a child is forbidden to do. Too much restriction will push them away. The final image is that of children growing â€Å"old and blind in front of a TV set† watching the films they weren’t allowed to see when they were small. This gives the impression that no matter how much a mother tries to shelter her children, they will eventually do all the things that were forbidden them.There are several things that draw attention to the mothers, the first being the title of the poem. Perhaps it is an ironic statement on the imperfection of mothers in comparison to the â€Å"Holy Mother. † There are two lines that suggest the mothers might have ulterior motives for sending their children to the movies. Lines 3 and 4 suggest mothers â€Å"get them out of the house so they won’t know what / you’re up to,† which implies the mothers also have something to hide.These motives are not the main focus of the poem and are undisclosed by the author. We are left to guess what the mothers are really â€Å"up to. † In short, O’Hara recommends that parents let their children experience life on their own terms. Parents are told that preventing their children from making their own choices will cause resentment and leave the children fantasizing about the experiences they wish they had. A wise parent allows their children to grow into experienced adults by letting them to go out and explore, not coddling by them.

Sunday, September 15, 2019

Aristotle’s theory of the Tragic Hero Essay

â€Å"A man doesn’t become a hero until he can see the root of his own downfall† Tragic hero’s who fit under Aristotle’s depiction are known as ‘Aristotelian Tragic Hero’s’ and possess five specific characteristics; 1) A flaw or error of judgment (also known as ‘hamartia’ which is a fatal flaw leading to the downfall of a tragic hero or heroine) 2) A reversal of fortune due to the error of judgment (also known as ‘peripeteia’, which is a sudden reversal of fortune or change in circumstances) 3) The discovery or recognition that the reversal was brought about by the hero’s own actions (Referred to as ‘anagnorisis’, which is a moment in a play when a character makes a critical discovery) 4) Excessive pride (hubris) 5) The character’s fate must be greater than deserved’. In the beginning, the character must be seen as equal morally to normal people in order for the audience to identify with him/her. This identification allows the sentiment of ‘pity’ which is crucial in a tragic play. The Aristotelian tragic hero inevitably suffers a tragic death, having fallen from great heights and made an irreversible mistake. The hero must courageously accept their death with honour. Other common traits of the Aristotelian tragic hero: a) Hero must suffer more than he deserves b) Hero must be doomed from the start, but bears no responsibility for possessing his flaw. c) Hero must be noble in nature, but be imperfect so that the audience can see themselves in him. d) Hero must have discovered his fate by his own actions, not by things happening to him. e) Hero must understand his doom, as well as the fact that his fate was discovered by his own actions. f) Hero’s story should arouse fear and empathy. g) Hero must be physically or spiritually wounded by his experiences, usually resulting in his death. h) The hero must be intelligent so that he may learn from his mistakes. i) The hero must have a weakness, usually, it is pride. j) He must be faced with a very serious decision that he must face. Aristotle identifies tragedy as the most refined version of poetry dealing with lofty matters and comedy as the most refined version of poetry dealing with base matters. He traces a brief and speculative history of tragedy as it evolved from dithyrambic hymns in praise of the god Dionysus. Dithyrambs were sung by a large choir, sometimes featuring a narrator. Aeschylus invented tragedy by bringing a second actor into dialogue with the narrator. Sophocles innovated further by introducing a third actor, and gradually tragedy shifted to its contemporary dramatic form. Aristotle defines tragedy according to seven characteristics: (1) it is mimetic, (2) it is serious, (3) it tells a full story of an appropriate length, (4) it contains rhythm and harmony, (5) rhythm and harmony occur in different combinations in different parts of the tragedy, (6) it is performed rather than narrated, and (7) it arouses feelings of pity and fear and then purges these feelings through catharsis. A tragedy c onsists of six component parts, which are listed here in order from most important to least important: plot, character, thought, diction, melody, and spectacle. A well-formed plot must have a beginning, which is not a necessary consequence of any previous action; a middle, which follows logically from the beginning; and an end, which follows logically from the middle and from which no further action necessarily follows. The plot should be unified, meaning that every element of the plot should tie in to the rest of the plot, leaving no loose ends. This kind of unity allows tragedy to express universal themes powerfully, which makes it superior to history, which can only talk about particular events. Episodic plots are bad because there is no necessity to the sequence of events. The best kind of plot contains surprises, but surprises that, in retrospect, fit logically into the sequence of events. The best kinds of surprises are brought about by peripeteia, or reversal of fortune, and anagnorisis, or discovery. A good plot progresses like a knot that is tied up with increasingly greater complexity until the moment of peripeteia, at which point the knot is gradually untied until it reaches a completely unknotted conclusion. For a tragedy to arouse pity and fear, we must observe a hero who is relatively noble going from happiness to misery as a result of error on the part of the hero. Our pity and fear is aroused most when it is family members who harm one another rather than enemies or  strangers. In the best kind of plot, one character narrowly avoids killing a family member unwittingly thanks to an anagnorisis that reveals the family connection. The hero must have good qualities appropriate to his or her station and should be portrayed realistically and consistently. Since both the character of the hero and the plot must have logical consistency, Aristotle concludes that the untying of the plot must follow as a necessary consequence of the plot and not from stage artifice, like a deus ex machina (a machine used in some plays, in which an actor playing one of the gods was lowered onto the stage at the end). Aristotle discusses thought and diction and then moves on to address epic poetry. Whereas tragedy consists of actions presented in a dramatic form, epic poetry consists of verse presented in a narrative form. Tragedy and epic poetry have many common qualities, most notably the unity of plot and similar subject matter. However, epic poetry can be longer than tragedy, and because it is not performed, it can deal with more fantastic action with a much wider scope. By contrast, tragedy can be more focused and takes advantage of the devices of music and spectacle. Epic poetry and tragedy are also written in different meters. After defending poetry against charges that it deals with improbable or impossible events, Aristotle concludes by weighing tragedy against epic poetry and determining that tragedy is on the whole superior. Aristotle takes a scientific approach to poetry, which bears as many disadvantages as advantages. He studies poetry as he would a natural phenomenon, observing and analyzing first, and only afterward making tentative hypotheses and recommendation s. The scientific approach works best at identifying the objective, lawlike behavior that underlies the phenomena being observed. To this end, Aristotle draws some important general conclusions about the nature of poetry and how it achieves its effects. However, in assuming that there are objective laws underlying poetry, Aristotle fails to appreciate the ways in which art often progresses precisely by overturning the assumed laws of a previous generation. If every play were written in strict accordance with a given set of laws for a long enough time, a revolutionary playwright would be able to achieve powerful effects by consciously violating these laws. In point of fact, Euripides, the last of the three great tragic poets of Ancient Greece, wrote many plays that violated the logical and structured principles of  Aristotle’s Poetics in a conscious effort to depict a world that he saw as neither logical nor structured. Aristotle himself gives mixed reviews to Euripides’ troubling plays, but they are still performed two and a half millennia after they were written. Aristotle’s concept of mimesis helps him to explain what is distinctive about our experience of art. Poetry is mimetic, meaning that it invites us to imagine its subject matter as real while acknowledging that it is in fact fictional. When Aristotle contrasts poetry with philosophy, his point is not so much that poetry is mimetic because it portrays what is real while philosophy is nonmimetic because it portrays only ideas. Rather, the point is that the ideas discussed in philosophical texts are as real as any ideas ever are. When we see an actor playing Oedipus, this actor is clearly a substitute through which we can imagine what a real Oedipus might be like. When we read Aristotle’s ideas on art, we are in direct contact with the ideas, and there is nothing more real to imagine. Art presents reality at one level of remove, allowing us a certain detachment. We do not call the police when we see Hamlet kill Polonius because we know that we are not seeing a real event but only two actors imitating real-world possibilities. Because we are conscious of the mimesis involved in art, we are detached enough that we can reflect on what we are experiencing and so learn from it. Witnessing a murder in real life is emotionally scarring. Witnessing a murder on stage gives us a chance to reflect on the nature and causes of human violence so that we can lead a more reflective and sensitive life. Aristotle identifies catharsis as the distinctive experience of art, though it is not clear whether he means that catharsis is the purpose of art or simply an effect. The Greek word katharsis originally means purging or purification and refers also to the induction of vomiting by a doctor to rid the body of impurities. Aristotle uses the term metaphorically to refer to the release of the emotions of pity and fear built up in a dramatic performance. Because dramatic performances end, whereas life goes on, we can let go of the tension that builds during a dramatic performance in a way that we often cannot let go of the tension that builds up over the course of our lives. Because we can let go of it, the emotional intensity of art deepens us, whereas emotional intensity in life often just hardens us. However, if this process of catharsis that allows us to experience powerful emotions and then  let them go is the ultimate purpose of art, then art becomes the equivalent of therapy. If we define catharsis as the purpose of art, we have failed to define art in a way that explains why it is still necessary in an era of psychiatry. A more generous reading of Aristotle might interpret catharsis as a means to a less easily defined end, which involves a deeper capacity for feeling and compassion, a deeper awareness of what our humanity consists in. Aristotle insists on the primacy of plot because the plot is ultimately what we can learn from in a piece of art. The word we translate as â€Å"plot† is the Greek wordmuthos, which is the root for myth. Muthos is a more general term than plot, as it can apply to any art form, including music or sculpture. The muthos of a piece of art is its general structure and organization, the form according to which the themes and ideas in the piece of art make themselves apparent. The plot of a story, as the term is used in the Poetics, is not the sequence of events so much as the logical relationships that exist between events. For Aristotle, the tighter the logical relationships between events, the better the plot. Oedipus Rex is a powerful tragedy precisely because we can see the logical inevitability with which the events in the story fall together. The logical relationships between events in a story help us to perceive logical relationships between the events in our own lives. In essence, tragedy shows us patterns in human experience that we can then use to make sense of our own experience.

Saturday, September 14, 2019

The Sustainable Urban Development Of Glasgow Environmental Sciences Essay

The Bruntland Commission of the United Nations on March 20 1987 defined Sustainable Development as Development that meets the demands of the present without compromising the ability of future coevalss to run into their ain demands. Sustainable Development embraces economic prosperity, societal equity and environmental unity. TheA conceptA ofA sustainableA urbanA developmentA representsA aA majorA challengeA forA authoritiess throughoutA theA contemporaryA world.A DespiteA theA rhetoricA ofA sustainableA developmentA overA the pastA twoA decennaries, A theA gapA betweenA publicA declarationsA ofA principleA andA implementationA of concreteA measuresA remainsA significantA inA mostA cities.A TheA majorityA ofA theA worldA populationA livesA inA urbanA countries, A andA itA isA estimatedA that, A if currentA trendsA continue, A 65 % A ofA theA populationA willA beA urbanA dwellersA byA theA yearA 2025. UrbanisationA andA urbanA growthA onA thisA unprecedentedA scaleA poseA fundamentalA questionsA as toA whetherA thisA magnitudeA ofA urbanA developmentA canA beA sustained.A Consequently, A theA chase ofA sustainableA urbanA developmentA hasA emergedA asA aA majorA challengeA forA authoritiess throughoutA theA contemporaryA universe. TheA idealA worldA envisagedA atA theA RioA EarthA SummitA inA 1992A wasA oneA inA whichA theA aims ofA sustainableA developmentA wouldA beA fulfilledA atA allA levelsA ofA spatialA organisation. AgendaA 21A ofA theA SummitA focusedA particularA attentionA onA theA challengeA ofA sustainable developmentA atA theA urbanA scale.A InA 1994A theA GlobalA ForumA onA CitiesA andA Sustainable DevelopmentA consideredA 50A cities'A reportsA onA progress A beingA madeA towardsA sustainable developmentA ( MitlinA andA Satterthwaite, A 1994 ) , A andA inA 1996A theA UNA CityA SummitA ( HabitatA II ) monitoredA theA progressA ofA citiesA acrossA theA globeA onA achievingA sustainabilityA ( UNA CentreA for HumanA Settlements, A 1996 ) . ThisA study examinesA the conceptA ofA sustainableA urbanA development of Glasgow, the issues and the manner frontward in developing a more sustainable Glasgow City and eventually, a figure of decisions are presented on the chances for sustainable urban development in Glasgow.Brief HISTORY OF GLASGOWGlasgow is located in the South of Scotland, the largest metropolis in Scotland with a population of 598,830. There have been many alterations in industry and metropolis planning throughout its history. Glasgow was founded in the nineteenth century. It was a good colony site because it was located near the River Clyde which was indispensable for trade and fishing. Nearby coalfields made the metropolis successful. One fifth of all the ships in the universe were built in Glasgow and it was said that Glasgow â€Å" provided the universe with ships † . hypertext transfer protocol: //www.scottish-places.info/maps/m219.jpg ( Image demoing map of Glasgow )THE SUSTAINABILITY OF GLASGOWThe aspiration of making sustainable communities has been an of import portion of the Glasgow Government ‘s docket over the past decennaries. There are many geological factors that led to Glasgow ‘s importance. One factor was that Glasgow was to a great extent resourced with Fe and coal and these are the two chief ingredients when bring forthing steel. This steel is so used for many things such as railroads ( e.g. The Clyde Tunnel, 1963 ) , span edifice ( e.g. Kingston Bridge, 1970 ) and most significantly shipbuilding. Another factor that led to the importance of Glasgow is that it is situated on the River Clyde ; a really deep and broad river. These two combined together, led to a big ship edifice industry bring forthing in Glasgow and many concerns get downing up in this sort of work. However Glasgow shortly began to meet assorted jobs. The job in Glasgow at this clip was the life conditions. The worst portion of lodging in Glasgow was the Gorbals. They were moistnesss, smelly, infested, and mostly overcrowded and these hapless conditions led on to assorted other jobs such as: drugs, intoxicant, harlotry, hooliganism, racism, vagrancy, and hooliganism. There was besides a batch of unwellness and disease in these slums during this clip, chiefly due to the overcrowding, because things spread so rapidly from individual to individual. Another type of lodging in Glasgow was a tenement ; these were the fly-by-night side of Glasgow ‘s prosperity and were chiefly accommodated by people that moved into town from the state to work in the ship building industry. These were sometimes in such a hapless province they fall down while people were populating inside them ensuing in a high figure of tragic deceases. The metropolis was said to be in a province of interior metro polis decay. Glasgow City Council ‘s committedness to sustainable development was i ¬?rst highlighted in the model papers ‘Developing the Sustainable City ‘ and was Glasgow ‘s initial part to the international Local Agenda 21 Programme. The importance of sustainability was emphasized by the Local Government in Scotland Act 2003 which sets out a responsibility on local governments to â€Å" dispatch its responsibilities under this subdivision in a manner which contributes to the accomplishment of sustainable development † . The Scottish Executive later launched ‘Choosing our Future ‘ in December 2005 as portion of the authorities ‘s committedness to the UK shared model for sustainable development. This scheme provides the model for a figure of the Executive ‘s new and emerging schemes on clime alteration, conveyance, renewable energy, energy efi ¬?ciency, green occupations and biodiversity.WasteGlasgow disposes its waste chiefly at the Cathkin landfill site in South Lanarkshire. In order to promote waste recycling, the metropolis council has distributed about the undermentioned bin Numberss to families as at November 2009. Blue bins ( individual belongingss ) – 110, 740 Blue bins ( flats/tenements ) – 140, 000 Brown bins for organic garden waste – 102, 800 400+ public aggregation points 25,000 violet bins distributed to individual families for a kerbside glass aggregation service ( Feb 2010 )CITY PlanThe metropolis program presents a metropolis broad vision for the physical development of Glasgow. This contains the proposals and policies that will act upon the planning determinations taken of the metropolis. The metropolis ‘s development scheme plays a cardinal function in stabilising Glasgow ‘s population and in developing sustainable metropolis vicinities, where the scope of services, installations and chances required by occupants on a regular footing can be assessed by bike, pes or public conveyance. As Glasgow ‘s old lodging stock is being replaced and bad development changes the face of our vicinities, it is of import that wider environmental and societal considerations are to the full appreciated. Good lodging entirely is non sufficient to do the metropolis an attractive topographic point to populate in. The metropolis program 2 has strategic purposes which are people, occupations, biodiversity, waste direction, instruction, energy, substructure, heritage and the built environment, retail, etc. Glasgow suffers one of the worst congestion jobs in Scotland, for decennaries traffic coming in and out of the metropolis has been a major issue for metropolis and conveyance contrivers. A A The Glasgow rhythm path web presently includes over 200km of paths and is invariably being worked on to better and widen the available paths, doing Glasgow an ideal metropolis to turn over out the ‘city rhythm ‘ undertaking. Currently rhythm trips into and out the metropolis Centre is in surplus of 5,000 per twenty-four hours and has seen an addition in cycling within the metropolis of 50 % in the last 3 years.A Cycling is alone in its ability to supply a physical activity with wellness benefits to environmental benefits and this undertakings aims to reflect these demands, challenges and chances that the potency of cycling presents.A The SGP purposes to potentially get down a similar undertaking to London and Dublin ‘s enormously successful motorcycle hire strategy. The construct called ‘City Cycle ‘ is one of the first undertakings of its type in Scotland. The undertaking aims to supply assorted bike rental docks across the metropolis at strategic locations.ISSUES AND THE WAY FORWARDAlthough many sustainability issues are planetary, we relate straight to what is go oning where we live. There are several challenges which threaten advancement towards sustainable development ends. Sustainability issues have become really common in many Fieldss of economic and socio-political life that it is frequently forgotten that it needs new attacks and alterations in regulations steering human abilities, administration constructions and ways of thought. Some of the issues and a suggestion of how to get the better of them are: Biodiversity – Polluting the air with dust, particulate affair, gases from industrial procedures and motor exhaust fumes damage human wellness, the natural environment and quality of life. So we should larn to be more witting about the environment in other non to destruct life ‘s resources. Community Development – Organizations should work together with authoritiess and the communities in which they operate, along with other organisations to better the educational, cultural, economic, societal and environmental wellbeing of the community. Conformity – Full moon demands of statute law should be met, criterions or any other signifier of understanding regulating sustainability issues such as the usage of land, air and other resources, employment jurisprudence, administration and finance. Diversity and Opportunity – The authorities should guarantee equal chances for all in an organisation without unjust limitations or barriers. This is so that it minimizes workplace torment, improves understanding between people, and helps an organisation ‘fit ‘ into its milieus, fiting its work force and provider mix to that of the venue. Regeneration and reconstructing communities – Social marginalisation and poorness of people in disadvantaged countries should be addressed to construct communities as to make occupations, tackle offense, better wellness, provide a better and more low-cost lodging, educate people better, and better local milieus. Sustainable Construction – Sustainable building is the application of sustainable development to the building industry. This should affect regeneration and besides be aftering communities should be after to cut down auto usage, utilizing energy more expeditiously, minimising mineral extraction and protection of the countryside.DecisionImplementing sustainable development requires acknowledging the connexion among a host of actions, results and responses. Guaranting that people to the full appreciate the impact they have on the environment in their twenty-four hours to twenty-four hours lives will be the key to a sustainable hereafter.

Friday, September 13, 2019

Environmental Studies Of The States Climate Essay

Environmental Studies Of The States Climate - Essay Example The monthly temperature ranges from 91.5Â °F to 30.0Â °F. Snow fall is a rare phenomenon and the highest record is only 13 inches on March 12-13, 1993 at Birmingham. Tornados and hurricanes are very common around Birmingham and Mobile due to turbulent wind patterns. Hurricanes of wind speeds 145mph caused the worst tornado disaster the Dixie Tornado outbreak in April 27, 2011 in which 50 tornados claimed more than 238 lives. Alaska The state Alaska is known for its high snow falls but is also hot in the summer. The highest mean annual temperature is 51.4Â °F recorded at Annette, AP and the lowest average annual temperature is 0.9Â °F recorded at Umiat. The mean annual rainfall is the highest at Whitter at 185.2 inches and the most snowfall occurs in the month of January at Valdez WSO as much as 65.1 inches with a snow depth of 31 inches. The extreme northern part of Alaska is Arctic with long and very cold winters and there is snow almost year around here. The wind speeds at the costal parts of the Gulf of Alaska are as high as 40 to 45 kmph and major natural disasters in Alaska are due to storms. Arizona The climatic conditions in this state are dry with little rainfall. The highest temperature recorded was 128Â °F at Lake Havasu City, 1994 and the lowest temperature recorded was -40Â °F at Hawley Lake, 1971. The average annual maximum temperature is 76.3Â °F recorded at Lake Havasu City and the lowest is 38.3Â °F at Sunrise Mountain. The highest average annual precipitation is at Hawley Lake 38.2 inches, and the lowest is 2.67 inches. The highest average annual snowfall is at Sunrise Mountain recorded as 243 inches. The state is more prone to storms and there are large temperature swings between the day and the night temperatures due to the dry climatic conditions relevant in the state. Arkansas Due to the location close to the Gulf of Mexico, Arkansas has a humid subtropical climate. The lowest temperature was recorded at Pond in 1905 as –29Â °F and a record high of 120Â °F was recorded on 1936 at Ozark. Average yearly precipitation is approximately 45 inches in the mountainous areas and greater in the lowlands; for example Little Rock received an annual average of 50.9 inches. Snowfall in the capital averages 5.2 inches a year and the northern part of the state gets more snowfall during the winter. The state is prone to natural disasters like thunderstorms, hails, snow storms and ice storms. A tornado with wind speeds as high as 180 to 200 mph damaged Atkins where 12 people were killed. California Most of the areas in the state of California have a Mediterranean climate, while some have a subarctic climate that is colder winters and hotter summers. The maximum average yearly temperature was recorded as 91Â °F at Death Valley. The lowest average annual temperature was recorded at Squaw Valley Lodge as 27.3Â °F. The mean rainfall was recorded the highest at 104.2 inches at Honey Dew and the lowest was recorded at 2.7 inches at Brawley. Snowfall is nil at most areas and the highest snowfall of 287.7 inches was recorded at Big Ben Ranger Station. The wind speeds range from 4.5 mph to 13.3 mph. Flood due to heavy rain, tornados, thunder storms and firestorms are common in this state.

Thursday, September 12, 2019

Unconscionable contract Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Unconscionable contract - Essay Example The rationale behind the doctrine of unconscionability is to circumvent the enforcement of unfair contracts. In the case at bar, Amy, who was a college student, was led to believe by the salesman that the home theater system, Alpo Model XL2, costs $3,000, when in truth and in fact, the actual standard cost of the theater system is only $1,000. The price given by the salesman was two times higher than the prevailing standard cash market price of the item bought by the buyer. Hence, the â€Å"rent-to-own† contract signed by Amy is considered unconscionable. Under the law, Amy has the remedy to demand the return of the excess $2,000 since the contract price is unconscionable, excessive and unfair on her part. Here, the salesman acted in bad faith at the time of the signing of the â€Å"rent-to-own† contract. Therefore, in order to cure the damage caused to the buyer, Amy can go to court and have the contract declared as unconscionable and oppressive, since there was a violation on the part of the salesman to fulfill his obligation in good faith in accordance with their contract. She can legally demand the refund of excess payment of $2,000. â€Å"It is the judge who has the power to declare whether or not a contract is unconscionable, and not the jury† (Emanuel,

Wednesday, September 11, 2019

Competitive Advantage of Sales force.com Case Study

Competitive Advantage of Sales force.com - Case Study Example Finally, the paper will outline the action plan about how to implement the suggested recommendations. Basically, SWOT refers to strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats and this is a widely used technique by managers to determine the strategies that can be implemented by the firm in its operations (Strydom, 2004). As noted, Salesforce.com specialises in providing the CRM services and the section below outlines its SWOT analysis. The company is facing problems related to competition and its inability to realise profits from its operations. Essentially, businesses are primarily concerned with generating profits in their operations as their main goal. However, in this particular case, the main problem is related to intense competition facing the company in its operations. Indeed, competition is inevitable as a result of the fact that there are also other players in the environment in which organizations operate. Porter (1985) has suggested that there are companies with viable strategies that can hardly matched by their competitors and this gives them competitive advantage. Thus according to this concept, strategies such as differentiation, diversification low cost leader as well as focus can give the firm competitive advantage depending on how they are implemented. In the case of Saleforce.com, differentiation and low cost leader are viable alternatives that can be implemented. Differentiation entails that the company ought to design its products and services in a unique way in order to gain customer superior value. This will help the company to gain more revenue by virtue of charging high prices for quality products offered.

Tuesday, September 10, 2019

Smucker's case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Smucker's - Case Study Example They make use of digital marketing initiatives such as search-based ads, banner ads on websites and mobile phones, and ads on social networking sites such as Facebook and Twitter. In terms of their acquisition strategy among product lines, they practice the horizontal acquisition which is they acquire companies in the same industry segment. The Smucker’s brands exhibit a strategic fit because they all belong to the processed food industry. Furthermore, their brands have the same distribution network and target markets. Their products are all sold at supermarkets. Even the manufacturing and operations of their various products have a strategic fit, creating economies of scale. One believes that it only makes sense for Smucker’s to expand their business line-up within their core businesses. Expanding beyond their core businesses would be difficult because the marketing strategies that they need to implement might need to be different. Moreover, expanding beyond one’s core of business would mean extensive research on their part and they might not have the competence in that business. 2. Use the appropriate course models to (1) identify at least four major macro-environmental trends and issues in the geographic domains where J.M. Smuckers operates, and (2) indicate the level of strategic attention each of these should be given. The first major macro-environmental trend that affects Smucker’s is the growing trend of women working outside the home; thus, an increase in the number of meals eaten out. This means that the household budget for processed foods and beverages, like those sold by Smucker’s will decrease and will be redirected to the budget for eating out. The level of attention that must be given to this should be minimal. Another macro-environmental factor that affects the industry is the current recession and economic slowdown experienced

Monday, September 9, 2019

Do The Right Thing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Do The Right Thing - Essay Example The confrontation eventually devolves into the three of them arguing over who should sweep the area. This is indicative of the larger thematic elements of the film, as rather than reaching a solid conclusion the confrontation just falls into this unresolved absurd state. The next notable conflict occurs at 14:20 in the film. This conflict is between an elderly African American gentleman and the Korean convenience store owners over alcohol products. The conflict never reaches a clear resolution as the man angrily submits, and there are underlining racial tensions in the argument. In having no clear resolution, the scene greatly contributes to this thematic tendency of resisting binary thinking. This conflict, in a non-racial sense, occurs outside the store, when a woman confronts the man for drinking the alcohol and he chastises her for not being civil. Like a stream of consciousness flow the film then cuts to Rosie Perez inside her apartment arguing with her mother over undisclosed, yet unresolved elements. At 20:00 a customer confronts Sal about not having African American pictures on his wall. This conflict has the most racial undertones yet in the film, and results with the man being thrown out of the restaurant. Even as the reason behind the conflict appears racial, the film demonstrates that there is no easy solution to the conflict.

Sunday, September 8, 2019

The California Wine Cluster Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The California Wine Cluster - Assignment Example Technology and innovation played a basic part in bridging the quality gap between European and California vintners (Porter 1998). Conventionally, European vintners had depended intensely on flavor (qualitative) and time-tried practices. Then later on, California winemakers started utilizing quantitative analysis to transform higher, more consistent quality of wines. Innovations rushed quickly right around the state's vintners, particularly in Napa, where the majority of the wineries were found alongside. Besides, U.C. Davis, one of the world leading wine research institute, assisted explore some new technologies i.e. mechanical harvesting, trickle watering system, and field transplanting. All of this upgraded the quality of Californian wines. By the mid 70s, California’s premium wines gained international fame (Porter and Bond 2008). Question 3 France experienced intense over production. The EU, under the Common Agricultural Policy for wine, had taken many steps to diminish wine yield in its member states thru an exhibit of subsidies. New vineyard planting of table wine grapes was precluded and re-planting of existing vineyards was permitted just each eighth year. Most EU underpin headed off to subsidized "bumming-up" of lower quality vineyards, having permanently uprooted over 1.2 million acres from production. Moreover, compulsory and voluntary refining, which changed wine into liquor for human utilization or fuel, uprooted wine from the open business. The labor costs in France also exceeded much. All of these factors stagnated France’s production (Porter and Bond 2008). Question 4 A great part of Australian wine business' success is generally accredited to substantial investment in innovations in viticulture engineering. Rare water assets empowered much of this movement. By the 1990s, Australia had established its elf as a cost competitive manufacturer of high caliber wines, with 3,000 cultivators and 1,000 wineries. Australian government had also furnished subsidizes for exports promotion commonly used for wine tasting in target advertises. Australia had likewise secured Wine Bureaus in numerous nations incorporating the United Kingdom, The United States, and Germany to organize promotional exercises. This has led Australia to be emerged as a leading wine-exporting nation (Porter and Bond 2008). Question 5 Wine clusters of California faced different issues in the 90’s and 00’s decades. These include remarkable variations in the quality and quantity of each year’s grape harvest due to fluctuations in weather and space constraints for new vineyards in the North Coast which along with emerging demand for vineyards raised the average price of undeveloped land in the Central Cost of California. Many premium growers of wine grapes preferred closer spacing to boost grape qualit y which increased the yields; however, these high-density plantings posed threats of increased operating costs up due to increased costs for labor and materials. Then, the supply constraints for high quality grapes impelled premium wine producers to

Saturday, September 7, 2019

Why does the United States have an inconsistent policy in the middle Essay

Why does the United States have an inconsistent policy in the middle east - Essay Example (1). Since independence in 1776, the United States of America has followed a policy in the Middle East that is marked by its independence from its colonial master in the form of the British, and the other European allied powers, like France. However, it is the American policy in the Middle East that is crucial to the region, because of the strong influence it has in the region, though it has been a late entrant to the happenings in the Middle East. There is strong criticism that the inconsistent policies followed by the Americans, marked by self-interest have had a strong influence on the poor state of affairs in the Middle East. (2) United States Policy in the Middle East since 1776 and its Reasons American policy in the Middle East has been more at loggerheads with the earlier influential colonial powers till around the formation of Israel. The growing economic might of America meant that it would have a strong influence on the course and consequences of the First and Second World Wars. Yet, even though the Americans went to war in Europe in favor of its allies, the then President of USA Woodrow Wilson refused to declare war against their enemy Turkey, despite the genocide that was occurring in Armenia, due to Turkish actions. (3). The Suez Crisis of 1956 is another marked example of the US differing with its European NATO allies on the Middle East. Britain and France believed that Nasser was inimical to the interests of the Western world. While America agreed with this evaluation, it was against any use of force against Nasser to prevent opening the door to the Soviets. America worked against British and French action. (4). America has thus demonstrated its desire for influence in the Middle East, even to the extent of upsetting its European NATO allies. This desire is a reflection of the self-interest that America has in the region. (2). The allurement for the Middle East for America is based on its national interests including control of a region with abun dance of oil. Yet, America has used diplomatic, economic or military power towards this end. In other words, economic appeasements and use of the military might have been the main weapons used by America to appease its national interests in the Middle East. This has led to the charge of inconsistencies in American policy in the Middle East. America has used economic and diplomatic means to draw to it national leaders with whom it believes it can deal with from strength and acted to use economic and military might to overthrow or marginalize national leaders that it does not like. Such inconsistent policy stems from its belief in its moral superiority that came with the â€Å"Pilgrims at Plymouth† and its attraction to an exotic Middle East that it sees as â€Å"the mysterious, menacing Orient†. (1). Israel in the Middle-east has been a fixture in American policy in the Middle East and the reason for its inconsistent policies in the Middle East that runs against its gra in of liberty and justice. The strong pro-Israeli has both political and religious basis. The political basis is reflected in the words of President during the formation of Israel and the strong American backing â€Å"I have to answer to hundreds of thousands who are anxious for the success of Zionism.† (1). This can be construed to mean that at there are many more Jews in America than Muslims from the Middle East. The religious entanglement in American policy in the Middle East comes from missionary zeal in attempting to change the Middle East to mirror its liberal and Christian values, such that the land that it is attracted to changes in its eyes for the better. (1). The political and religious basis of American policy i

Dream of the Red Chamber Essay Example for Free

Dream of the Red Chamber Essay In the first chapter, the author first writes about the origin of the stone. Then it comes to the very end of the story and writes a conversation between the stone and the Taoist called Vanitas. Next, it starts to talk about the story which first starts with the decline of Shi-yin Zhen`s family. When reading the origin of the stone, I find the description of the stone provides me with a great sense of mystery, which keeps me reading forward. Maybe it is because the stone is of magic power which makes it unreal from the reality. However, the story happens in the real world. As a result, it forces me to read and explore what will happen if the unreal meets with the real. Then it continues to write about the conversation between the stone and Taoist after â€Å"countless aeons†. The conversation suggests a lot of clues about the whole book. According to the self description of the stone, the story`s main theme is love, and purpose of this story is to record the real events and make those who indulge in the eroticism aware of their wrongdoing. Although it gives some clues to the story, but it never gives the detail to readers. Thus, it is just like it gives you soul of the book, but it never gives the appearance or skin of the book, which makes the reader know something about the book but not everything about it. Consequently, as one of the readers, there is no doubt that I want to get to know more about the book. It is very surprising that the whole story starts with the tragedy of Shi-yin Zhen`s family. Personally, I myself very compassionate him. Before I read the book, I thought the book should be very light and happy since it was a book about love among young boys and girls. It is widely acknowledged that the first impression about one thing will keep affecting your view for a long time. Maybe the author wants to suggest something about the later story, so he writes such a tragedy and makes the atmosphere sad and dark. Shi-yin is a good man who helped Yu-cun. He does not deserve such misfortune. Maybe it is the â€Å"Fate† that the author wants to focus on. Another feature that I find in the first chapter is that Taoist and monk frequently appear in the context. In my impression towards Taoist, such kind of people, who are totally different with the ordinary ones, have higher-level thoughts towards the world. They always have deeper thoughts towards everything. I am quite confused by the frequently appearance of Taoist. Is it very common at that time to have Taoist or is there any other reason? What does the author want to express with the use of Taoist? According to my point of view, maybe he wants to compare the Taoist and the ordinary people to emphasis what ordinary people do are always secular and profane, which is because they lack of the understanding of the true life and indulge in the real material world. The first chapter tells us much and also leaves many unsolved questions which force us to explore the answer by reading the rest of the book. I will keep on reading and figure out the answer myself.

Friday, September 6, 2019

User Behavior at Pinnacle Peak Essay Example for Free

User Behavior at Pinnacle Peak Essay Pinnacle Peak Hiking Area is a multipurpose, exercise trail used for both hiking and equestrians. It is a 1. 75 mile one-way trail in Rio Verde, Arizona with breathtaking views of the Sonoran Desert from every direction. Because the trail is not a loop, there is a lot of traffic on the trail, especially during the fall and winter seasons and on weekends. Families specifically enjoy this trail because there is no way for their children to get lost; there is one way in and one way out, no confusing side trails for anyone to take. There are a few areas where people are tempted to cut corners when there is a lot of traffic on the trail. This is quite dangerous as the entire trail is up a mountain and someone could very easily slip and fall. To help prevent people from cutting corners, the management has strategically laid rocks and logs along certain corners so it is a lot harder for people to step outside these boundaries. Parking for Pinnacle Peak is a disaster. There is very little parking in the designated parking lot, and so people have to park on the street and walk a fairly far distance before they even reach the trailhead. Like the trail, there is only one way in and one way out; there is no going around the busy street full of cars. On weekends when the trail is extremely busy, the parking situation is chaotic. People are out of breath walking uphill before they even reach the trailhead. At the trail head there is a large shaded area, decorated to match its desert surroundings, for people to stretch, rest, drink water, and have snacks both before and after their hikes. I found this extremely inviting and welcoming to users of all ages and hiking abilities. However, the trail itself is quite uninviting. The trail is unsuitable for both hikers and equestrians to be using at the same time. It is very rare that you will see horses on the trail; even without the horses, the trail is not nearly wide enough for the amount of hikers it sees each day. Several people would rather run than walk Pinnacle Peak, and some like to enjoy their time in nature while slowly strolling the trail. As mentioned before, families love this hike, and enjoy brining their children out to enjoy it with them. Unfortunately, with the amount of people Pinnacle Peak attracts, there are often times when people will have to either step aside, or stop and wait for other hikers/runners to pass by. The waiting is annoying and inconvenient, especially for those fully dedicated to their workout, and needing to complete their hike without a single stop. Pam Carothers (2001) states in the article â€Å"Social Values Versus Interpersonal Conflict among Hikers and Mountain Bikers† that recreation conflict is a major issue, whether it is on a hiking trail or on a lake. Interpersonal conflict between hikers and mountain bikers may be related to speed, lack of courtesy, crowding, or safety concerns. Safety issues, for example, have been linked to trail design (blind corners) and the behaviors of some mountain bikers who ride too fast for existing conditions† (page 48). The same idea may apply to runners versus hikers, and those who are on the trail to exercise, versus those on the trail to en joy the scenery. The only possibility to helping with the â€Å"waiting† situation would be a wider trail, however that process would be very long and tedious, as well as expensive. Management has provided two rest areas throughout the trail in which people can step aside, let people pass, grab a drink of water, and enjoy the scenery, all while staying out of other hikers ways. A few more rest stops/pull out areas could help out with the congestion and waiting, as well as people cutting corners and possibly injuring them selves. Before you reach the trailhead, there is an information center with brochures, safety packets, and attentive volunteers wanting to answer any questions you may have about the trail, scenery or surrounding wildlife. John Loleit, Recreation Coordinator at Pinnacle Peak says, â€Å"Year round, you have a good chance of spotting wildlife, especially in the early morning and at dusk†. The information center also has bright, detailed pictures of harmful insects, animals, and plants to keep an eye out for on the trail. Next to the information center are bathrooms, very well kept all year long with accessible stalls and water fountains. Because the trail is technically used for equestrians, too, some sort of horse facilities would be appropriate. Water troughs, large areas to park trailers, and hitching posts would all be extremely helpful for those with horses. Maybe with these extra facilities, the trail would attract more equestrians. As mentioned earlier, this site is very popular to families. Children are always playing on the rocks and benches at the beginning of the trail and rest area. In most cases this would be dangerous and unacceptable, however Pinnacle Peak is very â€Å"kid friendly†, and everything is set up for the safety of the hikers. Several runners cut across the trail on busy days when there are packs of people crowding certain areas. Even with the logs and rocks blocking off the corners, it is difficult to avoid this situation. Large groups of hikers love to stop and take pictures together with the beautiful desert scenery in the background. And who could blame them? Pinnacle Peak does an amazing job in taking advantage of its many views. No matter where you are on the trail, you will have a breath taking view of either Four Peaks or Tom’s Thumb, and at the right time of day, the mixture of pinks and reds of the setting sun. I noticed right away that Pinnacle Peak’s trail is not â€Å"horse friendly†, even though it is supposed to cater to equestrian needs as well as pedestrians. The trail has several stairways made of logs and rocks, both very difficult for horses to climb. The trail, along with the lack of horse facilities, probably discourages many equestrians from attending Pinnacle Peak. Many horse owners live in the area around Pinnacle Peak; if they built a few facilities and fixed the trail to work with horses, they would be seeing a large increase of attendees. I also noticed that the trail was built in such a way that it works perfectly with the contours of the mountain. There are stretches of both smooth surfaces and uphill climbs, tight curves and long straightaways. They definitely used the area to the best of their ability when planning out how the trail would run. By completing this project I learnt the importance of planning ahead and taking into consideration how people interact with their environment. I think that when it comes time to plan an event, facility, or specific environment, researching other competitors is crucial, to see what works, what doesn’t work, and what you are going to do to be proactive against certain issues. I expect to use this information professionally to help plan ahead for any event or facility in my future. The more knowledge and little tips I build now, the more prepared I will be for my professional career.